Explore the history and development of zero-knowledge proofs (zkps) and interactive proofs, tracing their origins back to early cryptographic problems, including mental poker.

Professor Shafi Goldwasser shared insights into the creation process of zkps, the challenges of formalizing definitions like completeness, soundness, and zero-knowledge, and how their ideas initially faced skepticism and multiple rejections. She highlighted unexpected applications and broader relevance, from verifying nuclear disarmament to practical applications in law, cryptography, and blockchain technologies.